A team of Scottish researchers has uncovered a groundbreaking process that could transform how breast cancer is detected and prevented from spreading to other parts of the body. Scientists at the Cancer Research UK Institute and the University of Glasgow have discovered that breast cancer alters the body’s immune system by changing how certain immune cells function. These altered cells produce a protein called uracil, which acts as a support structure that helps cancer cells grow in new areas of the body.
The researchers then blocked the production of uracil in lab mice by targeting an enzyme known as uridine phosphorylase-1 (UPP1). This allowed the immune system to fight off the cancer’s spread, offering a promising new path for treatment. The scientists believe this could lead to a simple blood test to detect uracil early and stop cancer from spreading by targeting UPP1 with medication.
Dr. Cassie Clarke, the study’s lead researcher, described the findings as a major shift in the understanding of how to stop cancer before it spreads. Dr. Catherine Elliot of Cancer Research UK added that the discovery gives real hope of extending lives by preventing metastasis, which is the most dangerous aspect of breast cancer.
Breast cancer continues to be the most diagnosed cancer among Nigerian women, with nearly 30,000 cases and more than 16,000 deaths recorded each year. In the UK, there are around 56,000 new cases and over 11,500 deaths annually, while the US sees about 266,000 diagnoses and 40,000 deaths. Global cases are projected to reach 3.2 million yearly.
Simon Vincent, chief scientific officer at Breast Cancer Now, said the discovery may have a broader impact beyond breast cancer, potentially leading to treatments that could stop other cancers from spreading as well.
Experts continue to stress the importance of early detection. Key signs to watch out for include lumps in the breast or underarm, changes in breast shape or size, unusual nipple discharge, or skin changes like redness, dimpling, or crusting. Despite ongoing awareness efforts, many women still don’t carry out regular self-examinations.
This discovery offers a hopeful step forward in the fight against cancer, pointing toward a future where stopping cancer from spreading could become a reality.
